臭氧 - 大气化学与全球气候变化

氨气和克氏中间体的新反应:生成有机胺并抑制异戊二烯SOA

组内消息 2024-11-15

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异戊二烯是全球排放量最大的非甲烷挥发性有机物,在大气中具有强反应活性,是全球尺度二次有机气溶胶(SOA)最主要的前体物。氨气(NH3)是大气中含量最丰富的碱性气体,也是大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)中无机盐的主要前体物质。中国是氨气排放的热点区域之一,我国正计划未来削减氨排放,以降低大气PM2.5污染。但是,目前对于异戊二烯和氨在大气转化中的相互作用缺少基本了解。

课题组基于自主研发的气体-气溶胶原位电离技术(GAIS)和轨道阱质谱(Orbitrap-MS),研究了NH3在异戊二烯臭氧化形成SOA中的化学机理。发现NH3可以与异戊二烯臭氧化产物-稳态克氏中间体自由基(SCIs)反应生成一种全新的有机胺分子(C4H9O2N),NH3-SCIs反应通道会显著抑制SCIs的低聚反应,从而极大降低异戊二烯的SOA产率。同时,新生成的有机胺分子还会进一步与有机酸反应生成更多含氮有机物。该研究的重要意义在于:(1)提供了NH3与SCIs反应生成有机胺的直接证据,发现了大气中还原态有机氮生成的新通道;(2)发现氨气可以抑制异戊二烯的SOA产率。这意味着氨气在生物源SOA中的作用比当前的认识更为复杂,有必要对氨减排的潜在环境效应进行深入评估。
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论文第一作者为李晓颖博士生,通讯作者贾龙研究员,合作者包括徐永福研究员和潘月鹏研究员。
Li, X.Y., Jia, L.*, Xu, Y.F., Pan, Y.P., 2024. A novel reaction between ammonia and Criegee intermediates can form amines and suppress oligomers from isoprene, Sci. Total Environ., 956, 177389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177389

NO2在MgO颗粒物表面的非均相反应

组内消息 2014-12-01

结合原位漫反射红外傅里叶变换光谱(DRIFTS)与离子色谱(IC)技术确立了一种测定吸附系数真值的方法。
摘要:氧化镁(MgO)是大气中矿物气溶胶的重要组分之一, 对二次污染物的形成有着重要影响. 本研究采用原位漫反射红外傅里叶变换光谱(DRIFTS)与离子色谱(IC)技术, 研究了二氧化氮(NO2)在MgO颗粒表面的非均相反应. 探讨了无光照、紫外光照、臭氧(O3)、温度及相对湿度(RH)等对该反应的影响机制, 建立了新的测定摄取系数的方法. 结果表明, 无光照时, NO2在MgO颗粒表面生成的主要产物为硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐; 在NO2-MgO-O3和NO2-MgO-hn两种反应体系中主要产物均为硝酸盐, 生成的硝酸根峰面积分别是无光照条件下的1.54倍和3.04倍, O3和紫外光照对硝酸盐的生成均具有促进作用; 在紫外光照条件下, NO2在MgO颗粒物表面生成硝酸根的初始速率随温度的升高而呈单峰变化, 40℃时初始速率最大; 影响NO2与MgO颗粒物反应的敏感因素为紫外光照和臭氧, 其次为相对湿度和温度. 在25℃, RH为5%时, 无光照条件和紫外光照条件下反应初始摄取系数分别为9.01×10-4和5.65×10-3.

韩力慧, 陈媛媛, 贾龙, 程水源, 徐永福,等. NO2在MgO颗粒物表面的非均相反应. 中国科学 化学, 2014, 44(12),2004-2012

Heterogeneous reactions of NO2 on the surface of MgO particles
Abstract:MgO is one of the most important components of mineral aerosol, and it has an important influence on the formation of secondary pollutants. The heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on MgO particles was studied using in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion chromatography (IC). The influences of no ultraviolet radiation(UV), ultraviolet radiation(UV), ozone (O3), temperature and relative humidity (RH) on the reaction were investigated. A new method has firstly been established to determine uptake coefficients. The main products from the heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on MgO particles were nitrate and nitrite without UV. In NO2-MgO-O3 and NO2-MgO-hv reaction systems, the main product was nitrate, and its infrared adsorption peak areas were 1.54 and 3.04 times higher than that without UV, respectively. O3 and UV were in favor of the formation of nitrate. The initial rate of nitrate, due to the rise of temperature, showed a unimodal pattern with the maximum initial rate at 40℃ under UV. More sensitive factors affecting the reaction of NO2 on MgO particles are UV and ozone, followed by relative humidity and temperature. The initial reactive uptake coefficients of NO2 on MgO particles were determined to be 9.01×10-4 without UV and 5.65×10-3 with UV at 25℃ and 5% RH.

HAN LiHui, CHEN YuanYuan, JIA Long, CHENG ShuiYuan, XU YongFu,et al. Heterogeneous reactions of NO2 on the surface of MgO particles. Scientia Sinica Chimica, 2014, 44(12),2004-2012.